kubernetes高可用集群（二进制文件安装）

kubernetes k8s
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kubernetes高可用集群（二进制文件安装）

1、准备

1.1、基础架构

采用3 master，3 node模式，使用云厂商提供的load balancer对kube-apiserver进行负载均衡，各个节点之间通过内网进行交互。

1.2、集群网络分配

内网地址范围：10.104.0.0/24

集群service ip range:

内网地址范围：10.104.0.0/24

集群service ip range:

内网地址范围：10.104.0.0/24
集群service ip range: 10.96.0.0/16
pod ip range: 196.16.0.0/16
1.3、下载cfssl证书工具

该工具是cloudflare开源的证书制作工具，后面将用来生成k8s集群中所需的证书。

gayhub地址为 cloudflare/cfssl: CFSSL: Cloudflare’s PKI and TLS toolkit (github.com)

1.4、设置主机名称

设置主机名

#修改域名，一定不是localhost
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-xxx

vim /etc/hosts

10.104.0.2 k8s-master1
10.104.0.3 k8s-master2
10.104.0.4 k8s-master3
10.104.0.5 k8s-node1
10.104.0.6 k8s-node2
10.104.0.7 k8s-node3
159.89.208.37 k8s-master-lb
1.5、关闭swap
swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
1.6、修改limit

ulimit最详解_别打名名的博客-CSDN博客_ulimit 详解

ulimit -SHn 65535

vim /etc/security/limits.conf
# 末尾添加如下内容
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited
1.7、安装ipvs等
apt install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp-dev -y

# 所有节点配置ipvs模块,执行以下命令，在内核4.19+版本改为nf_conntrack， 4.18下改为nf_conntrack_ipv4
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack

#修改ipvs配置，加入以下内容
vim /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf

# 写入ipvs.conf
ip_vs
ip_vs_lc
ip_vs_wlc
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_lblc
ip_vs_lblcr
ip_vs_dh
ip_vs_sh
ip_vs_fo
ip_vs_nq
ip_vs_sed
ip_vs_ftp
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack
ip_tables
ip_set
xt_set
ipt_set
ipt_rpfilter
ipt_REJECT
ipip

# 执行命令
# systemctl enable --now systemd-modules-load.service  #--now = enable+start
systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service
#检测是否加载
lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
1.8、转发-ipv4-并让-iptables-看到桥接流量
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF

sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter

# 设置所需的 sysctl 参数，参数在重新启动后保持不变
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables  = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward                 = 1
EOF

# 应用 sysctl 参数而不重新启动
sudo sysctl --system
1.9、安装CRI

容器运行时采用containerd，最新安装步骤参照gayhub Editing containerd/getting-started.md at main · containerd/containerd (github.com)

Step 1: Installing containerd

Download the containerd-<VERSION>-<OS>-<ARCH>.tar.gz archive from https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases ,
verify its sha256sum, and extract it under /usr/local:

$ tar Cxzvf /usr/local containerd-1.6.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
bin/
bin/containerd-shim-runc-v2
bin/containerd-shim
bin/ctr
bin/containerd-shim-runc-v1
bin/containerd
bin/containerd-stress

The containerd binary is built dynamically for glibc-based Linux distributions such as Ubuntu and Rocky Linux.
This binary may not work on musl-based distributions such as Alpine Linux.
Users of such distributions may have to install containerd from the source or a third party package.

FAQ: For Kubernetes, do I need to download cri-containerd-(cni-)<VERSION>-<OS-<ARCH>.tar.gz too?

Answer: No.

As the Kubernetes CRI feature has been already included in containerd-<VERSION>-<OS>-<ARCH>.tar.gz,
you do not need to download the cri-containerd-.... archives to use CRI.

The cri-containerd-... archives are deprecated,
do not work on old Linux distributions, and will be removed in containerd 2.0.

systemd

# Copyright The containerd Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

[Unit]
Description=containerd container runtime
Documentation=https://containerd.io
After=network.target local-fs.target

[Service]
#uncomment to enable the experimental sbservice (sandboxed) version of containerd/cri integration
#Environment="ENABLE_CRI_SANDBOXES=sandboxed"
ExecStartPre=-/sbin/modprobe overlay
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/containerd

Type=notify
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
LimitNOFILE=infinity
# Comment TasksMax if your systemd version does not supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
TasksMax=infinity
OOMScoreAdjust=-999

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

If you intend to start containerd via systemd, you should also download the containerd.service unit file from
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containerd/containerd/main/containerd.service into /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service ,
and run the following commands:

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now containerd
Step 2: Installing runc

Download the runc.<ARCH> binary from https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/releases ,
verify its sha256sum, and install it as /usr/local/sbin/runc.

$ install -m 755 runc.amd64 /usr/local/sbin/runc

The binary is built statically and should work on any Linux distribution.

Step 3: Installing CNI plugins

Download the cni-plugins-<OS>-<ARCH>-<VERSION>.tgz archive from https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases ,
verify its sha256sum, and extract it under /opt/cni/bin:

$ mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
$ tar Cxzvf /opt/cni/bin cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz
./
./macvlan
./static
./vlan
./portmap
./host-local
./vrf
./bridge
./tuning
./firewall
./host-device
./sbr
./loopback
./dhcp
./ptp
./ipvlan
./bandwidth

The binaries are built statically and should work on any Linux distribution.

修改containerd的Cgroup为Systemd
mkdir /etc/containerd
# 导出默认配置文件
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml

修改config.toml

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]下添加SystemdCgroup = true

命令行直接替换

awk '/\[plugins\."io\.containerd\.grpc\.v1\.cri"\.containerd\.runtimes\.runc\.options\]/{f=1} f{gsub(/SystemdCgroup = false/,"SystemdCgroup = true")}1' /etc/containerd/config.toml > temp && mv temp /etc/containerd/config.toml

systemctl start containerd
2.0、PKI（公钥基础设施）

https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%AC%E9%92%A5%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD/10881894

Kubernetes 需要 PKI 才能执行以下操作：

  • Kubelet 的客户端证书，用于 API 服务器身份验证
  • API 服务器端点的证书
  • 集群管理员的客户端证书，用于 API 服务器身份认证
  • API 服务器的客户端证书，用于和 Kubelet 的会话
  • API 服务器的客户端证书，用于和 etcd 的会话
  • 控制器管理器的客户端证书/kubeconfig，用于和 API 服务器的会话
  • 调度器的客户端证书/kubeconfig，用于和 API 服务器的会话
  • 前端代理 的客户端及服务端证书

说明： 只有当你运行 kube-proxy 并要支持 扩展 API 服务器 时，才需要 front-proxy 证书

etcd 还实现了双向 TLS 来对客户端和对其他对等节点进行身份验证

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/setup/best-practices/certificates/#集群是如何使用证书的

学习证书： https://www.cnblogs.com/technology178/p/14094375.html

2.0.1、ca根配置

ca-config.json

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki
cd /etc/kubernetes/pki
vi ca-config.json
{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
            "server": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth"
                ]
            },
            "client": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "peer": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "kubernetes": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            },
            "etcd": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}
2.0.2、ca签名请求

CSR是Certificate Signing Request的英文缩写，即证书签名请求文件

ca-csr.json

vi /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "Kubernetes",
      "OU": "Kubernetes"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
    "expiry": "87600h"
  }
}
  • CN(Common Name):
    • 公用名（Common Name）必须填写，一般可以是网站域
  • O(Organization):
    • Organization（组织名）是必须填写的，如果申请的是OV、EV型证书，组织名称必须严格和企业在政府登记名称一致，一般需要和营业执照上的名称完全一致。不可以使用缩写或者商标。如果需要使用英文名称，需要有DUNS编码或者律师信证明。
  • OU(Organization Unit)
    • OU单位部门，这里一般没有太多限制，可以直接填写IT DEPT等皆可。
  • C(City)
    • City是指申请单位所在的城市。
  • ST(State/Province)
    • ST是指申请单位所在的省份。
  • C(Country Name）
    • C是指国家名称，这里用的是两位大写的国家代码，中国是CN。
2.0.3、生成证书

生成ca证书和私钥

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
# ca.csr ca.pem(ca公钥) ca-key.pem(ca私钥,妥善保管)

2、etcd高可用搭建

下载etcd二进制文件，gayhub地址 https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.5/etcd-v3.5.5-linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压并放置到/usr/local/bin下

tar -zxvf etcd-v3.5.5-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/local/bin etcd-v3.5.5-linux-amd64/etcd{,ctl}

验证

##验证
etcdctl #只要有打印就ok

2.1、etcd证书生成

etcd CA机构证书申请

/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca-csr.json

{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "etcd",
      "OU": "etcd"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
    "expiry": "87600h"
  }
}

生成etcd根证书

cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca -

etcd 服务证书申请

/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-haoge-csr.json

{
    "CN": "etcd-haoge",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "hosts": [  
        "127.0.0.1",
        "k8s-master1",
        "k8s-master2",
        "k8s-master3",
        "192.168.0.10",
        "192.168.0.11",
        "192.168.0.12"
    ],
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "beijing",
            "O": "etcd",
            "ST": "beijing",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}


# 签发haoge的etcd证书
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca-key.pem \
-config=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-config.json \
-profile=etcd \
etcd-haoge-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd

把生成的etcd等证书拷贝到其它两个master

2.2、安装

etcd配置文件

etcd/etcd.conf.yml.sample 配置文件模板

Clustering Guide | 集群配置

#三个master执行
mkdir /etc/etcd
# 写入下方etcd的配置
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.yaml

# This is the configuration file for the etcd server.

# Human-readable name for this member. #每个机器可以写自己的域名,不能重复
name: 'etcd-master1' 

# Path to the data directory.
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd

# Path to the dedicated wal directory.
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal

# Number of committed transactions to trigger a snapshot to disk.
snapshot-count: 10000

# Time (in milliseconds) of a heartbeat interval.
heartbeat-interval: 100

# Time (in milliseconds) for an election to timeout.
election-timeout: 1000

# Raise alarms when backend size exceeds the given quota. 0 means use the
# default quota.
quota-backend-bytes: 0

# List of comma separated URLs to listen on for peer traffic. # 本机ip+2380端口，代表和集群通信
listen-peer-urls: https://10.104.0.2:2380

# List of comma separated URLs to listen on for client traffic.
listen-client-urls: https://10.104.0.2:2379

# Maximum number of snapshot files to retain (0 is unlimited).
max-snapshots: 5

# Maximum number of wal files to retain (0 is unlimited).
max-wals: 5

# Comma-separated white list of origins for CORS (cross-origin resource sharing).
cors:

# List of this member's peer URLs to advertise to the rest of the cluster.
# The URLs needed to be a comma-separated list.
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://10.104.0.2:2380

# List of this member's client URLs to advertise to the public.
# The URLs needed to be a comma-separated list.
advertise-client-urls: http://10.104.0.2:2379

# Discovery URL used to bootstrap the cluster.
discovery:

# Valid values include 'exit', 'proxy'
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'

# HTTP proxy to use for traffic to discovery service.
discovery-proxy:

# DNS domain used to bootstrap initial cluster.
discovery-srv:

# Initial cluster configuration for bootstrapping.
initial-cluster: 'etcd-master1=https://10.104.0.2:2380,etcd-master2=https://10.104.0.3:2380,etcd-master3=https://10.104.0.4:2380'

# Initial cluster token for the etcd cluster during bootstrap.
initial-cluster-token: 'k8s-etcd-cluster'

# Initial cluster state ('new' or 'existing').
initial-cluster-state: 'new'

# Reject reconfiguration requests that would cause quorum loss.
strict-reconfig-check: false

# Enable runtime profiling data via HTTP server
enable-pprof: true

# Valid values include 'on', 'readonly', 'off'
proxy: 'off'

# Time (in milliseconds) an endpoint will be held in a failed state.
proxy-failure-wait: 5000

# Time (in milliseconds) of the endpoints refresh interval.
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000

# Time (in milliseconds) for a dial to timeout.
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000

# Time (in milliseconds) for a write to timeout.
proxy-write-timeout: 5000

# Time (in milliseconds) for a read to timeout.
proxy-read-timeout: 0

client-transport-security:
  # Path to the client server TLS cert file.
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'

  # Path to the client server TLS key file.
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'

  # Enable client cert authentication.
  client-cert-auth: true

  # Path to the client server TLS trusted CA cert file.
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem'

  # Client TLS using generated certificates
  auto-tls: true

peer-transport-security:
  # Path to the peer server TLS cert file.
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'

  # Path to the peer server TLS key file.
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'

  # Enable peer client cert authentication.
  client-cert-auth: true

  # Path to the peer server TLS trusted CA cert file.
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem'

  # Peer TLS using generated certificates.
  auto-tls: true

# The validity period of the self-signed certificate, the unit is year.
self-signed-cert-validity: 1

# Enable debug-level logging for etcd.
log-level: info

logger: zap

# Specify 'stdout' or 'stderr' to skip journald logging even when running under systemd.
log-outputs: [stderr]

# Force to create a new one member cluster.
force-new-cluster: false

auto-compaction-mode: periodic
auto-compaction-retention: "1"

⚠️⚠️：12月1号我从新部署遇见了问题，不知道是不是四处粘贴导致配置文件格式有所改变，如果以上配置文件启动etcd报错，去github上拉一份模板比对一下，大同小异的

etcd配置为service开机自启

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.yaml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd3.service

# 加载&开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now etcd

测试etcd集群访问基础操作等

# 以后测试命令
export ETCDCTL_API=3
HOST_1=10.104.0.2
HOST_2=10.104.0.3
HOST_3=10.104.0.4
ENDPOINTS=$HOST_1:2379,$HOST_2:2379,$HOST_3:2379

## 导出环境变量，方便测试，参照https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/main/etcdctl
export ETCDCTL_DIAL_TIMEOUT=3s
export ETCDCTL_CACERT=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem
export ETCDCTL_CERT=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem
export ETCDCTL_KEY=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem
export ETCDCTL_ENDPOINTS=$HOST_1:2379,$HOST_2:2379,$HOST_3:2379

# 查看etcd集群成员列表
etcdctl  member list --write-out=table

# 正常情况会打印出如下内容：
+------------------+---------+--------------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------+
|        ID        | STATUS  |     NAME     |       PEER ADDRS        |      CLIENT ADDRS      | IS LEARNER |
+------------------+---------+--------------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------+
|  d29d1f583570329 | started | etcd-master3 | https://10.104.0.4:2380 | http://10.104.0.4:2379 |      false |
| 6613f6d58c7b2ed7 | started | etcd-master2 | https://10.104.0.3:2380 | http://10.104.0.3:2379 |      false |
| a5d86e795b652188 | started | etcd-master1 | https://10.104.0.2:2380 | http://10.104.0.2:2379 |      false |
+------------------+---------+--------------+-------------------------+------------------------+------------+

# 也可进行简单的crud测试
# 存入一个key为hello值为world的键值对
etcdctl put hello 'world'

# 如果在别的master节点上可以获取到说明部署正常
etcdctl get hello

#如果没有环境变量就需要如下方式调用
etcdctl --endpoints=$ENDPOINTS --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem member list --write-out=table

3、kubernetes安装

3.1、下载二进制文件

gayhub kubernetes/CHANGELOG-1.24.md at master · kubernetes/kubernetes (github.com)

生产环境建议使用小版本号大于5的，本次测试采用1.24.7

下载Server Binaries https://dl.k8s.io/v1.24.7/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压并将二进制可执行文件放入所有节点的/usr/local/bin下，注意master和node节点所需要的组件不完全一样

# master
tar -xvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy}

# node 只需kubelet，kube-proxy
tar -xvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,-proxy}

3.2、生成api-server所需证书

申请：apiserver-csr.json

// 10.96.0. 为service网段。可以自定义

// 10.104.0.9： 是负载均衡器地址（负载均衡可以自己搭建，也可以购买云厂商lb。）

{
    "CN": "kube-apiserver",
    "hosts": [
      "10.96.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "10.104.0.9",
      "10.104.0.2",
      "10.104.0.3",
      "10.104.0.4",
      "10.104.0.5",
      "10.104.0.6",
      "10.104.0.7",
      "10.104.0.8",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "Kubernetes",
            "OU": "Kubernetes"
        }
    ]
}

生成证书

# ⚠️注意没有生成根CA机构证书的用如下命令进行生成，前面已经生成过的就不用了
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

# 通过root ca来签名生成api-server的证书
cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem   -config=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-config.json   -profile=kubernetes   apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver

3.3、front-proxy证书生成

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/configure-aggregation-layer/

它是apiserver聚合层，后来支持CRD(自定义的资源文件)的，也就是yaml描述文件中的kind

apiVersion: xxx

kind: HelloDaChang — CRD — front-proxy

⚠️
注意：front-proxy不建议用新的CA机构签发证书，可能导致通过他代理的组件如metrics-server权限不可用。
如果用新的，api-server配置添加 --requestheader-allowed-names=front-proxy-client
3.3.1、front-proxy Root CA 申请

vim front-proxy-ca-csr.json

{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
     "algo": "rsa",
     "size": 2048
  }
}

#front-proxy 根ca生成
cfssl gencert -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca
3.3.2、front-proxy-client证书

vim front-proxy-client-csr.json 

{
  "CN": "front-proxy-client",
  "key": {
     "algo": "rsa",
     "size": 2048
  }
}

#生成front-proxy-client 证书
cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem   -config=ca-config.json   -profile=kubernetes   front-proxy-client-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client

#忽略警告，毕竟我们不是给网站生成的

3.4、controller-manager证书生成与配置

3.4.1、controller-manager-csr.json

vim controller-manager-csr.json

{
  "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
      "OU": "Kubernetes"
    }
  ]
}
3.4.2、生成证书
cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
  controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager
3.4.3、生成controller-manager.conf
# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，10.104.0.9:6443改为master1的地址，6443为apiserver的默认端口
# set-cluster：设置一个集群项，
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --server=https://10.104.0.9:6443 \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf

# 设置一个环境项，一个上下文
kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
    --cluster=kubernetes \
    --user=system:kube-controller-manager \
    --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf

# set-credentials 设置一个用户项

kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf


# 使用某个环境当做默认环境

kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
     
     
# 后来也用来自动批复kubelet证书

3.5、scheduler证书生成与配置

3.5.1、scheduler-csr.json

vim scheduler-csr.json

{
  "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
      "OU": "Kubernetes"
    }
  ]
}
3.5.2、签发证书
cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler
3.5.3 配置scheduler.conf
# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，10.104.0.9:6443改为master1的地址，6443为apiserver的默认端口

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --server=https://10.104.0.9:6443 \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf


kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf

kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --cluster=kubernetes \
     --user=system:kube-scheduler \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf


kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf

3.6、admin证书生成与配置

3.6.1、admin-csr.json

vim admin-csr.json

{
  "CN": "admin",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "Kubernetes"
    }
  ]
}
3.6.2、生成证书
cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin
3.6.3、生成admin.conf
# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，10.104.0.9:6443改为master01的地址，6443为apiserver的默认端口

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=https://10.104.0.9:6443 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf


kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem \
--client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf


kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubernetes-admin \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

⚠️⚠️

kubelet将使用 bootstrap 引导机制，自动颁发证书，所以我们不用配置

3.7、ServiceAccount Key生成

k8s底层，每创建一个ServiceAccount，都会分配一个Secret，而Secret里面有秘钥，秘钥就是由我们接下来的sa生成的。所以我们提前创建出sa信息

openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048

openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub

⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️

最后将上面生成的所有证书配置拷贝到其它两个master

/etc/kubernetes中内容

4、kubernetes组件启动

4.1、必要的目录创建

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes

4.2、配置apiserver服务

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

# 每个master节点都需要执行以下内容
# --advertise-address： 需要改为本master节点的ip
# --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16： 需要改为自己规划的service网段
# --etcd-servers： 改为自己etcd-server的所有地址


[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
      --v=2  \
      --allow-privileged=true  \
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  \
      --secure-port=6443  \
      --advertise-address=10.104.0.2 \
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16  \
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  \
      --etcd-servers=https://10.104.0.2:2379,https://10.104.0.3:2379,https://10.104.0.4:2379 \
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem  \
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem  \
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem  \
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  \
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  \
      --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key  \
      --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  \
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  \
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  \
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  \
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  \
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  \
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator,front-proxy-client  \
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  \
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  \
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
      # --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4.3、启动apiserver服务

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver

#查看状态
systemctl status kube-apiserver

4.4、controller-manager服务

# 所有节点执行
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

文档使用的k8s Pod网段为196.16.0.0/16，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、k8s Service网段的重复，请按需修改;

特别注意：docker的网桥默认为 172.17.0.1/16。不要使用这个网段

## --cluster-cidr=196.16.0.0/16 ： 为Pod的网段。修改成自己想规划的网段

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
      --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --use-service-account-credentials=true \
      --node-monitor-grace-period=40s \
      --node-monitor-period=5s \
      --pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s \
      --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
      --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
      --cluster-cidr=196.16.0.0/16 \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
      --node-cidr-mask-size=24
      
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager

systemctl status kube-controller-manager

4.5、配置scheduler

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service 

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf

Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 启动
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler

systemctl status kube-scheduler

5、TLS与引导启动原理

TLS 启动引导 | Kubernetes

5.1、master1配置bootstrap

#准备一个随机token。但是我们只需要16个字符
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
# 值如下： 642650cf69763fb7d0d0e89e8d8737b8

# 生成16个字符的
head -c 8 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
# 1ebba4a515949ccb

#设置集群
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=https://10.104.0.9:6443 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf

#设置秘钥
kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user \
--token=123c62.1ebba4a515949ccb \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf 

#设置上下文
kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=tls-bootstrap-token-user \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf

#使用设置
kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf

5.2、master1设置kubectl执行权限

kubectl 能不能操作集群是看 /root/.kube 下有没有config文件，而config就是我们之前生成的admin.conf，具有操作权限的

# 只在master1生成，因为生产集群，我们只能让一台机器具有操作集群的权限，这样好控制

mkdir -p /root/.kube ;
cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config
#验证
kubectl get nodes

# 应该在网络里面开放负载均衡器的6443端口;默认应该不要配置的
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
No resources found
#说明已经可以连接apiserver并获取资源

5.3、创建集群引导权限文件

# master准备这个文件 
vim  /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.secret.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: bootstrap-token-123c62
  namespace: kube-system
type: bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token
stringData:
  description: "The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubelet '."
  token-id: 123c62
  token-secret: 1ebba4a515949ccb
  usage-bootstrap-authentication: "true"
  usage-bootstrap-signing: "true"
  auth-extra-groups:  system:bootstrappers:default-node-token,system:bootstrappers:worker,system:bootstrappers:ingress
 
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubelet-bootstrap
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:node-bootstrapper
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Group
  name: system:bootstrappers:default-node-token
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: node-autoapprove-bootstrap
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:nodeclient
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Group
  name: system:bootstrappers:default-node-token
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: node-autoapprove-certificate-rotation
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeclient
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Group
  name: system:nodes
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kube-apiserver

# 应用此文件资源内容
kubectl create -f /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.secret.yaml

5.4、引导Node节点启动

拷贝核心证书到其它节点

# /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd下的
ca.pem etcd.pem etcd-key.pem

# /etc/kubernetes/ 下的
pki/ca.pem pki/ca-key.pem pki/front-proxy-ca.pem bootstrap-kubelet.conf

创建相关目录

# 所有节点创建相关目录
mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
5.4.1、创建kubelet.service
#所有节点，配置kubelet服务
vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=containerd.service
Requires=containerd.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet

Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 所有节点配置kubelet service配置文件
vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf

[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--container-runtime-endpoint=/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml --pod-infra-container-image=registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' "
# 这个不是写错了，请注意
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS
5.4.2、创建kubelet-conf.yml文件
#所有节点，配置kubelet-conf文件
vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml

apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
cgroupDriver: systemd
cgroupsPerQOS: true
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
containerLogMaxFiles: 5
containerLogMaxSize: 10Mi
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
cpuCFSQuota: true
cpuManagerPolicy: none
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 10s
enableControllerAttachDetach: true
enableDebuggingHandlers: true
enforceNodeAllocatable:
- pods
eventBurst: 10
eventRecordQPS: 5
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s  #缩小相应的配置
failSwapOn: true
fileCheckFrequency: 20s
hairpinMode: promiscuous-bridge
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 20s
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
iptablesDropBit: 15
iptablesMasqueradeBit: 14
kubeAPIBurst: 10
kubeAPIQPS: 5
makeIPTablesUtilChains: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 10s
oomScoreAdj: -999
podPidsLimit: -1
registryBurst: 10
registryPullQPS: 5
resolvConf: /etc/resolv.conf
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 2m0s
serializeImagePulls: true
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 4h0m0s
syncFrequency: 1m0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 1m0s
5.4.3、所有节点启动kubelet
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kubelet

systemctl status kubelet

会提示 “Unable to update cni config”。

接下来配置cni网络即可

5.5、kube-proxy配置

5.5.1、生成kube-proxy.conf

单独一个master下进行配置

#创建kube-proxy的sa
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy

#创建角色绑定
kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy \
--clusterrole system:node-proxier \
--serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy

#创建kube-proxy的secret
kubectl apply -n kube-system -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: kube-proxy-secret
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/service-account.name: kube-proxy
type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
EOF

#导出变量，方便后面使用
#SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/kube-proxy-secret --output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki
K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes

# 生成kube-proxy配置
# --server: 指定自己的apiserver地址或者lb地址
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=https://10.104.0.9:6443 \
--kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.conf

# kube-proxy秘钥设置
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes \
--token=${JWT_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf


kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf


kubectl config use-context kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf

/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf拷贝至其它节点

5.5.2、配置kube-proxy.service
# 所有节点配置 kube-proxy.service 服务，一会儿设置为开机启动
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube Proxy
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \
  --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \
  --v=2

Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
5.5.3、准备kube-proxy.yaml
# 所有机器执行
vim /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml

apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
clientConnection:
  acceptContentTypes: ""
  burst: 10
  contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
  kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf   #kube-proxy引导文件
  qps: 5
clusterCIDR: 196.16.0.0/16  #修改为自己的Pod-CIDR
configSyncPeriod: 15m0s
conntrack:
  #max: null
  maxPerCore: 32768
  min: 131072
  tcpCloseWaitTimeout: 1h0m0s
  tcpEstablishedTimeout: 24h0m0s
enableProfiling: false
healthzBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10256
hostnameOverride: ""
iptables:
  masqueradeAll: false
  masqueradeBit: 14
  minSyncPeriod: 0s
  syncPeriod: 30s
ipvs:
  #masqueradeAll: true
  minSyncPeriod: 5s
  scheduler: "rr"
  syncPeriod: 30s
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
metricsBindAddress: 127.0.0.1:10249
mode: "ipvs"
nodePortAddresses: null
oomScoreAdj: -999
portRange: ""
udpIdleTimeout: 250ms

# 启动kube-proxy
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-proxy

6、部署calico网络组件

一个master节点下操作就行了

# 下载官网calico
curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico-etcd.yaml -o calico.yaml

# 修改一些我们自定义的. 修改etcd集群地址
sed -i 's#etcd_endpoints: "http://<ETCD_IP>:<ETCD_PORT>"#etcd_endpoints: "https://10.104.0.2:2379,https://10.104.0.3:2379,https://10.104.0.4:2379"#g' calico.yaml


# etcd的证书内容，需要base64编码设置到yaml中
ETCD_CA=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pem | base64 -w 0 `
ETCD_CERT=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem | base64 -w 0 `
ETCD_KEY=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem | base64 -w 0 `

# 替换etcd中的证书base64编码后的内容
sed -i "s@# etcd-key: null@etcd-key: ${ETCD_KEY}@g; s@# etcd-cert: null@etcd-cert: ${ETCD_CERT}@g; s@# etcd-ca: null@etcd-ca: ${ETCD_CA}@g" calico.yaml


#打开 etcd_ca 等默认设置（calico启动后自己生成）。
sed -i 's#etcd_ca: ""#etcd_ca: "/calico-secrets/etcd-ca"#g; s#etcd_cert: ""#etcd_cert: "/calico-secrets/etcd-cert"#g; s#etcd_key: "" #etcd_key: "/calico-secrets/etcd-key" #g' calico.yaml

# 修改自己的Pod网段 196.16.0.0/16
POD_SUBNET="196.16.0.0/16"
sed -i 's@# - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@g; s@#   value: "192.168.0.0/16"@  value: '"${POD_SUBNET}"'@g' calico.yaml
# 一定确定自己是否修改好了

#确认calico是否修改好
grep "CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR" calico.yaml -A 1

# 应用calico配置
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

7、部署coreDNS

git clone https://github.com/coredns/deployment.git
cd deployment/kubernetes

#10.96.0.10 改为 service 网段的 第 10 个ip
./deploy.sh -s -i 10.96.0.10 | kubectl apply -f -

⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️

注意奥：有防火墙的请放行你给pod所分配的网段，否则coredns pod都不会就绪，具体就是查看日志会有503的错误提示

ufw allow from 196.16.0.0/16

⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️

8、给节点打标签

master1打上污点使pod不调度到其上面

kubectl label node k8s-master1 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''
kubectl label node k8s-master2 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''
kubectl label node k8s-master3 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''

# master1打上污点
kubectl taint nodes k8s-master1 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=:NoSchedule

9、集群验证

  • 验证Pod网络可访问性
    • 同名称空间，不同名称空间可以使用 ip 互相访问
    • 跨机器部署的Pod也可以互相访问
  • 验证Service网络可访问性
    • 集群机器使用serviceIp可以负载均衡访问
    • pod内部可以访问service域名 serviceName.namespace
    • pod可以访问跨名称空间的service
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name:  nginx-01
  namespace: default
  labels:
    app:  nginx-01
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-01
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app:  nginx-01
    spec:
      containers:
      - name:  nginx-01
        image:  nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-svc
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    app:  nginx-01
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - name: nginx-svc
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: hello
spec: {}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name:  nginx-hello
  namespace: hello
  labels:
    app:  nginx-hello
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-hello
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app:  nginx-hello
    spec:
      containers:
      - name:  nginx-hello
        image:  nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-svc-hello
  namespace: hello
spec:
  selector:
    app:  nginx-hello
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - name: nginx-svc-hello
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    protocol: TCP